West Nile infection is caused by infected mosquitoes spread the virus, It can cause inflammation of the brain or meningitis. West Nile Virus originated the West Nile subregion in the East African nation of Uganda in 1937. West Nile Virus used to exist only in temperate and tropical areas. It is now considered to be an endemic pathogen in Europe, Australia, Asia, the Middle East, Africa and in the United States, which in 2012 has experienced one of its worst epidemics. Older people and those with weakened immune systems are most at risk. There is no evidence for transmission from person to person.
Symptoms of West Nile Virus
Most people infected with the West Nile virus do not have signs or symptoms. About 80% of West Nile virus infections in humans do not have signs or symptoms. Approximately 20% develop a mild infection called West Nile fever. Common signs and symptoms of West Nile fever include:
Fever
Headache
Muscle ache
Muscle weakness
Nausea
Vomiting
Tremors
Convulsions
Rash
Neck and back stiffness
Coma
Avoid being bitten by mosquitoes is the best method of prevention.
Use insect repellent.
Install or repair window and door screens so that mosquitoes cannot get indoors.
Stay indoors at dawn, dusk, and in the early evening, when mosquitoes are most active.
Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants.
Avoid wearing floral fragrances from perfumes, soaps, hair care products, and lotions. These may attract mosquitoes.
West Nile Virus Treatment in Mild Cases
People who experience mild West Nile virus symptoms (known as West Nile fever) can have symptoms for a couple of days or up to several weeks. During this time, treatment can include:
Resting in bed
Drinking plenty of fluids
Taking medication, such as aspirin or acetaminophen, to relieve fever and discomfort.
